The history of the Indian swords can be traced back to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, which dates back 5000 years. Throughout history, Indian swords evolved and diversified into various distinctive types. This article aims to delve into the array of Indian swords, covering some renowned examples such as the Khanda, and Danda pata, amongst others.
Khanda
The history of the Khanda sword is deeply intertwined with the Sikh faith and the martial traditions of the Indian subcontinent. Originating in ancient India, the Khanda’s design evolved over centuries, influenced by various cultural and military factors.
The Khanda’s distinctive form, characterised by a double-edged blade and a unique hilt with a crossguard and central protrusion, emerged as a symbol of Sikh identity and sovereignty during the 17th century. It became closely associated with the Khalsa, the community of initiated Sikhs, under the leadership of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru.
Sossun Patah
The word Sosun Pattah means “lily leaf.” The exact origins of the sword are somewhat obscure, but it is believed to have emerged during the medieval period in India. It evolved from earlier forms of Indian swords and was specifically designed to meet the needs of combat in the diverse terrains of the region.
One of the most notable features of the Sosun Patah is its elongated, narrow blade with a distinct curve towards the tip. This curvature facilitated agile and effective slashing and thrusting movements in combat. The hilt of the Sosun Patah typically featured a distinctive knuckle guard, providing protection to the wielder’s hand during combat.
Danda pata
Danda pata likely evolved from simpler wooden staves used for hunting and self-defence. Over time, the weapon evolved to incorporate a blade, enhancing its offensive capabilities. It is also called a gauntlet sword.
The Danda Pata typically consists of a sturdy wooden staff ranging from three to six feet in length, with a sharp blade attached at one end. The blade may vary in size and shape, but it is commonly curved and single-edged, resembling a short sword or machete. The staff itself is often reinforced with metal fittings for added durability.
It is a versatile weapon capable of delivering both blunt-force trauma and cutting or slashing attacks. Its design allows for a wide range of offensive techniques, including thrusting, slashing, and blocking.
Urumi
The Urumi sword is also known as the ‘Chuttuval’ or ‘Surul Vaal’. The Urumi has ancient roots, with its origins dating back possibly thousands of years in the Indian subcontinent. It was traditionally developed in South India, particularly in the regions of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
The Urumi features a flexible blade made of several thin metal strips, typically fashioned from steel. These strips are often around 1 to 1.5 centimetres in width and can range from a few to several feet in length, depending on the specific design of the weapon. The strips are attached to a handle made of wood or metal, allowing the wielder to manipulate the blade with fluid, whip-like movements.
Naga Dao
The Naga Dao is a traditional weapon originating from the Naga tribes of northeastern India, particularly Nagaland and Manipur. It has deep roots in the martial traditions of the Naga tribes, who have inhabited the rugged and mountainous terrain of North-East India for centuries. It served as both a weapon of war and a tool for daily life.
The sword is characterised by a single-edged, curved blade with a distinctively shaped hilt. The blade is typically made of high-carbon steel, while the hilt may be crafted from various materials such as wood, horn, or metal.
